{"id":27656,"date":"2023-12-06T10:51:20","date_gmt":"2023-12-06T09:51:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/profert.dz\/fr\/?p=27656"},"modified":"2026-01-06T16:17:24","modified_gmt":"2026-01-06T15:17:24","slug":"pietin-verse","status":"publish","type":"avada_portfolio","link":"https:\/\/profert.dz\/fr\/index.php\/portfolio-items\/pietin-verse\/","title":{"rendered":"Pi\u00e9tin verse"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Pi\u00e9tin verse<\/h2>\n

Le pi\u00e9tin-verse est une maladie fongique des pieds des c\u00e9r\u00e9ales, elle est caus\u00e9e par deux champignons Oculimacula yallundae\u00a0<\/em>et\u00a0Oculimacula acuformis<\/em>.
\nSans une bonne protection, la maladie peut \u00eatre tr\u00e8s nuisible \u00e0 la c\u00e9r\u00e9ale.
\nLe rendement peut \u00eatre consid\u00e9rablement diminu\u00e9 lorsque la maladie provoque la verse de la c\u00e9r\u00e9ale.<\/p>\n<\/div>

Cycle de d\u00e9veloppement<\/h2>\n

Le champignon hiverne sur les chaumes, les repousses des c\u00e9r\u00e9ales et certaines adventices gramin\u00e9es sous forme de myc\u00e9lium.
\nEn automne, l\u2019inoculum se d\u00e9veloppe sur les chaumes infect\u00e9s par sporulation et il peut provoquer des infections primaires.
\nAu printemps et lorsque les conditions sont favorables (temp\u00e9ratures sup\u00e9rieures \u00e0 5 et en conditions \u00e9lev\u00e9es d\u2019humidit\u00e9), des infections secondaires peuvent \u00eatre appara\u00eetre. Comme elles sont lourdes, les spores peuvent \u00eatre diss\u00e9min\u00e9es sur de courtes distances par la pluie.
\nLe pathog\u00e8ne infecte les gaines de la base de la plante et se propage de gaine en gaine avant d\u2019atteindre la tige.
\nLe pi\u00e9tin-verse peut contaminer la c\u00e9r\u00e9ale d\u00e8s la lev\u00e9e et les sympt\u00f4mes apparaissent apr\u00e8s 6 \u00e0 8 semaine de l\u2019infection.<\/p>\n<\/div>

D\u00e9g\u00e2ts et sympt\u00f4mes<\/h2>\n

Les fortes attaques du pi\u00e9tin-verse sur c\u00e9r\u00e9ales peuvent causer des pertes allant jusqu\u2019\u00e0 30% de rendement.
\nLe pi\u00e9tin-verse peut limiter l\u2019alimentation de l\u2019\u00e9pi par la perturbation de la circulation de la s\u00e8ve \u00e0 cause des n\u00e9croses provoqu\u00e9es sur la tige.
\nUne attaque s\u00e9v\u00e8re peut entrainer la verse de la c\u00e9r\u00e9ale.<\/p>\n

Sur gaine :<\/strong>
\nDes taches elliptiques apparaissent sur la gaine, sur ces taches se forment des points noires (stromas).<\/p>\n

Sur tige :<\/strong>
\nUne tache diffuse apparait au niveau de la tige et g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement sous le premier n\u0153ud.<\/p>\n

Sur \u00e9pi :<\/strong>
\nEn fin de saison, des \u00e9pis blancs peuvent \u00eatre observ\u00e9s dans la parcelle infect\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<\/div>

Strat\u00e9gie de lutte<\/h2>\n

Les mesures prophylactiques :<\/strong>
– Utiliser des vari\u00e9t\u00e9s peu sensibles au pi\u00e9tin verse.
– Opter pour des rotations avec des plantes non- h\u00f4tes (comme les cultures ol\u00e9agineuses).
– D\u00e9truire et enfouir les chaumes des c\u00e9r\u00e9ales et les adventices gramin\u00e9es qui peuvent \u00eatre des sources d\u2019inoculum.<\/p>\n

Lutte chimique :<\/strong>
La p\u00e9riode de risque d\u2019infection s\u2019\u00e9tend du stade \u00e9pi 1 cm au stade 2 n\u0153uds. Le traitement pr\u00e9ventif doit se faire avant cette p\u00e9riode.
En curatif, il faut traiter d\u00e8s l\u2019apparition des premiers sympt\u00f4mes.
Il est conseill\u00e9 de traiter t\u00f4t apr\u00e8s le stade \u00e9pi 1 cm car l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 diminue apr\u00e8s ce stade (avant que la culture soit trop dense).
Les pr\u00e9cipitations apr\u00e8s les traitements peuvent avoir un effet favorable, elles permettent la redistribution des mati\u00e8res actives vers la base de la c\u00e9r\u00e9ale.
En pr\u00e9ventif et en curatif, Profert<\/strong> vous recommande l\u2019utilisation d\u2019Amistar\u00ae<\/sup> Xtra<\/strong> \u00e0 la dose de 0.75<\/strong> \u00e0 1<\/strong> L\/ha <\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>

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Nos solutions<\/h2><\/span>
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Amistar\u00ae<\/sup> Xtra<\/h3><\/div>
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